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Removing artificial colourings and preservatives from young children's diets could have a significant impact on reducing hyperactivity.
Recently (2004) researchers studied 300 children who were split into groups and subjected to different diets, some containing artificial additives such as tartrazine and sunset yellow.
They found that the three-year-olds became significantly less hyperactive when they were on diets where the additives had been removed. And they became much more hyperactive when they were put back on the high-additive diet, according to the study in Archives Of Disease In Childhood.
Removing these substances from products could be in the long-term interests of public health. In recent years, manufacturers have come under increasing pressure from campaigners to cut artificial colourings and preservatives from products, particularly those marketed to youngsters.
Manufacturers include additives and E numbers to make foods more attractive. Either they make them look better or taste better. One of the worst offenders is tatrazine, which gives squash and other foods their orange colour. It may also make a significant proportion of children hyperactive. Tatrazine is also an 'anti-nutrient' which means it depletes the body of zinc, an essential mineral for children because it boosts the immune system and reduces the risk of allergy.
In one study, four out of 10 children developed eczema or asthma within 45 minutes of being fed it. Two other main offenders are monosodium glutamate (MSG) found in some potato crisps and caffeine. Both can cause hyperactivity and behavioural problems - and some kids are more badly affected than others. These children may already have a tendency towards hyperactivity, difficulty concentrating and problems regulating their blood sugar, and serious problems arise because these brain stimulants tip them over the edge. Certain chemicals in foods may be acting like drugs in children and should be avoided at all costs.
DIET NOT DRUGS
A quarter of a million NHS prescriptions for Ritalin are handed out each year to children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
More private prescriptions for the drug - an amphetamine with many properties similar to cocaine - are also written by doctors in Britain.
ADHD is now estimated to affect one in 10 boys in the UK, where one in five sufferers are girls. However, around two thirds of the children prescribed Ritalin could see a major improvement in behaviour with a simple change of diet. A third of "hyperactive" children have been found to have a severe intolerance to E numbers and other artificial food additives. A further third have a high sensitivity to natural ingredients such as gluten or lactose.
Only 33 per cent turn out to have mental health problems not affected by diet.
ADDITIVE LABELLING
The magazine Which? believes that the current system of labelling additives is so complex it confuses people who want to avoid them in their diet. Some food labels "read more like a chemistry experiment than something you would want to eat", it said. The use of additives must be approved by an expert panel which also sets safe intake levels. But Which? said that despite safety checks, there was still concern that some additives were linked to health problems (see above).
The magazine accepts that additives are needed to provide safe, convenient food all year round. But it says their use - particularly as a colouring - is probably not justified in all cases. It adds: "We'd like to see one clear labelling system for additives to make it easier to avoid additives and to compare what's in different foods."
FOOD INDUSTRY RESPONSE
Martin Paterson, of the Food and Drink Federation, stressed that food safety was the number priority for the industry. He said: "The use of additives is subject to strict safety controls, and consumers' intake of additives is closely monitored. "A recent European Commission report indicated that consumption of all types of additives was within the strict safety limits set by the legislation, for both adults and children."
He said manufacturers often had to convey a lot of information to consumers on a very small label. "Additive labelling is governed by the EU Labelling Directive. "However, UK manufacturers are always looking at the best way to provide product information within these constraints.
The 'E' stands for EC (European Communities) and is a numbered code applied to a variety of food additives used in many of the food products we buy today. Any chemical that a manufacturer wants to use in his product has to have been through a rigorous series of tests to prove its 'safety'.
Once it has passed these tests it is placed on an 'approved additive list' and given an 'E' number which shows that it has been acccepted for use all over the European community.
E Numbers are divided into the following categories:
|
E-Numbers
|
Type of Food Additive
|
| 100 - 180 |
Food colouring
|
| 200 - 252 |
Food Preservative
|
| 260 - 297 |
Acidities
|
| 300 - 385 |
Antioxidant
|
| 400 - 429 |
Thickener
|
| 430 - 499 |
Emulsifier
|
| 620 - 640 |
Flavour Enhancer
|
| 950 - 967 |
Sweeteners
|
Some children seem to react badly to specific dye colours and preservatives. The Hyperactive Children's Support Group recommends that the following E numbers be avoided:-
E102, E104, 107, E110, E120, E122, E123, E124, E127, 128, E132, E133, E150, E151, 154, 155, E160B, E210, E211, E220, E250, E251, E320, E321
Babies and young children should not be given:-
E213, E214, E215, E216, E217, E218, E219, E310, E311, E312, E420, E421, 621, 622, 623, 627, 631, 635
Asthmatic people or those with an aspirin-sensitivity may wish to avoid the following:-
E211, E212, E213, E214, E215, E216, E217, E218, E219, E310, E311, E312, E321, E421, 621, 622, 623, 627, 631, 635
Asthma sufferers should avoid the following E numbers:-
E102, 107, E110, E122, E123, E124, E128, E129, E151, 154, 155, E180, E220, E221, E222, E223, E224, E225, E226, E227.
The following may be carcinogenic (a substance likely to cause cancer):-
E110, E123, E127, E153, E249, E250, E251, E252, E320, E321, 905, 907, E954
The following have been associated with kidney problems:-
E170, E252, E339, E340, E341, E385, E421, 430, E450, E451, E452
Vegetarians should avoid:-
E120, E441, 542, 910, 920, 921, 966
and be careful about:-
E153, E160a, E161g, E252, E270, E322, E325, E326, E327, E422, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, E442, E470a, E470b, E471, E472a, E472b, E472c, E472d, E472e, E472f, E473, E474, E475, 476, E477, 478, E479b, E481, E482, E483, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 570, 572, 585, 631, 635, E640
The problem with many additives is that they can be manufactured by a variety of different methods. The latter E numbers could be being produced from animal origins or have animal content added, even though in the majority of cases it is rather unlikely.
In addition, the UK Vegetarian Society's made the following statement
regarding GM foods: -
"Genetically Modified products, or products containing
Genetically Modified ingredients, are not acceptable to the Vegetarian
Society because the Society believes it is impossible to guarantee
that such products are completely in accordance with the Society's
vegetarian principles."
These may have been genetically modified in some way:-
E101, E101a, E150a, E150b, E150c, E150d, E153, E160d, E161c, E306, E307, E308, E309, E322, E415, E471, E472a, E473, E475, 476, E477, 491, 570, 572, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625
Not all E numbers are bad - the following represent certain vitamins and minerals which are actually good for your kids:-
E101 (Vitamin B2), E160 (Carotene, Vitamin A), E252 (Potassium nitrate - Saltpetre) for preventing botulism, E300-304 (Vitamin C), E306-309 (Tocopherols, like Vitamin E), E322 (Lecithin), E375 (Niacin), E440 (Pectin)
Food colourings |
||
E Number |
Name(s) |
Possible Problems |
| E100 | Curcumin, turmeric |
- |
| E101 | Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), formerly called lactoflavin (Vitamin G) |
likely to be GM |
| E101a | Riboflavin-5'-Phosphate |
likely to be GM |
| E102 | Tartrazine, FD&C Yellow 5 |
possible allergic reaction
Causes hyperactivity in children and may lead to asthma attacks and allergic reactions. |
| E103 | Chrysoine Resorcinol |
- |
| E104 | Quinoline Yellow |
possible allergic reaction |
| E105 | Fast Yellow AB |
- |
| E106 | Riboflavin-5-Sodium Phosphate |
- |
| E107 | Yellow 2G |
possible allergic reaction |
| E110 | Sunset Yellow FCF, Orange Yellow S, FD&C Yellow 6 |
possible allergic reaction |
| E111 | Orange GGN |
- |
| E120 | Cochineal, Carminic acid, Carmines, Natural Red 4 | possible allergic reaction animal origin |
| E121 | Orcein, Orchil | - |
| E122 | Carmoisine, Azorubine | possible allergic reaction |
| E123 | Amaranth, FD&C Red 2 | possible allergic reaction |
| E124 | Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A, Brilliant Scarlet 4R | possible allergic reaction |
| E125 | Scarlet GN | - |
| E126 | Ponceau 6R | - |
| E127 | Erythrosine, FD&C Red 3 | possible allergic reaction |
| E128 | Red 2G | possible allergic reaction |
| E129 | Allura Red AC, FD&C Red 40 | possible allergic reaction
Can exacerbate asthma and rhinitis. FOUND IN: Red-coloured sweets such as wine gums, red drinks and red toothpaste. |
| E130 | Indanthrene blue RS | - |
| E131 | Patent Blue V | possible allergic reaction |
| E132 | Indigo carmine, Indigotine, FD&C Blue 2 | possible allergic reaction |
| E133 | Brilliant Blue FCF, FD&C Blue 1 | possible allergic reaction |
| E140 | Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins: (i) Chlorophylls (ii) Chlorophyllins | - |
| E141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins (i) Copper complexes of chlorophylls (ii) Copper complexes of chlorophyllins | - |
| E142 | Green S | possible allergic reaction |
| E150a | Plain Caramel | likely to be GM |
| E150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | likely to be GM |
| E150c | Ammonia caramel | likely to be GM |
| E151 | Black | possible allergic reaction
Can trigger asthma and allergies. FOUND IN: Drinks such as cola, and black sweets. |
| E152 | Black 7984 | possible allergic reaction |
| E153 | Carbon black, Vegetable carbon | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E154 | Brown FK, Kipper Brown | possible allergic reaction |
| E155 | Brown HT, Chocolate brown HT | possible allergic reaction |
| E160a | Alpha-carotene, Beta-carotene, Gamma-carotene | - |
| E160b | Annatto, bixin, norbixin | possible allergic reaction |
| E160c | Capsanthin, capsorubin, Paprika extract | - |
| E160d | Lycopene | likely to be GM |
| E160e | Beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30) | - |
| E160f | Ethylester of beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid | - |
| E161a | Flavoxanthin | - |
| E161b | Lutein | - |
| E161c | Cryptoaxanthin | likely to be GM |
| E161d | Rubixanthin | - |
| E161e | Violaxanthin | - |
| E161f | Rhodoxanthin | - |
| E161g | Canthaxanthin | possibly of animal origin |
| E162 | Beetroot Red, Betanin | - |
| E163 | Anthocyanins | - |
| E170 | Calcium carbonate, Chalk | - |
| E171 | Titanium dioxide | - |
| E172 | Iron oxide/hydroxide | - |
| E173 | Aluminium | - |
| E174 | Silver | - |
| E175 | Gold | - |
| E180 | Pigment Rubine, Lithol Rubine BK |
- |
Food Preservatives |
||
E200 |
Sorbic acid |
- |
E201 |
Sodium sorbate |
- |
E202 |
Potassium sorbate |
- |
E203 |
Calcium sorbate |
- |
E210 |
Benzoic acid |
possible allergic reaction
Preservative which can affect digestion and trigger allergies. FOUND IN: Squashes, flavoured waters and syrups. |
E211 |
Sodium benzoate |
possible allergic reaction |
E212 |
Potassium benzoate |
possible allergic reaction |
E213 |
Calcium benzoate |
possible allergic reaction
Preservative which can affect digestion and trigger allergies. FOUND IN: Squashes, flavoured waters and syrups. |
E214 |
Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate |
possible allergic reaction |
| E215 | Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | possible allergic reaction |
| E216 | Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate | possible allergic reaction |
| E217 | Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate | possible allergic reaction |
| E218 | Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate | possible allergic reaction |
| E219 | Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate | possible allergic reaction |
| E220 | Sulphur dioxide | possible allergic reaction
Common preservative which can lead to bronchial problems and anaphylactic shock. FOUND IN: Fruit cereal bars and dried fruit to prevent it losing colour. |
| E221 | Sodium sulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E222 | Sodium hydrogen sulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E223 | Sodium metabisulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E224 | Potassium metabisulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E226 | Calcium sulphite | possible allergic reaction
Preservative which can cause bronchial problems, low blood pressure and anaphylactic shock and is banned in US. FOUND IN: Burgers and biscuits and other products with a shelf-life. |
| E227 | Calcium hydrogen sulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E228 | Potassium hydrogen sulphite | possible allergic reaction |
| E230 | Biphenyl, diphenyl | - |
| E231 | Orthophenylphenol | - |
| E232 | Sodium orthophenylphenol | - |
| E233 | Thiabendazole | - |
| E234 | Nisin | - |
| E235 | Natamycin, Pimaracin | - |
| E236 | Formic acid | - |
| E237 | Sodium formiate | - |
| E238 | Calcium formiate | - |
| E239 | Hexamethylene tetramine, Hexamine | - |
| E240 | Formaldehyde | - |
| E242 | Dimethyl dicarbonate | - |
| E249 | Potassium nitrite | - |
| E250 | Sodium nitrite | - |
| E251 | Sodium nitrate, saltpetre | - |
| E252 | Potassium nitrate, saltpetre | possibly of animal origin |
Acidities | ||
| E260 | Acetic acid | - |
| E261 | Potassium acetate | - |
| E262 | Sodium acetates (i) Sodium acetate (ii) Sodium hydrogen acetate (sodium diacetate) | - |
| E263 | Calcium acetate | - |
| E264 | Ammonium acetate | - |
| E270 | Lactic acid | Acid, Antioxidant |
| E280 | Propionic acid | - |
| E281 | Sodium propionate | - |
| E282 | Calcium propionate | possible allergic reaction |
| E283 | Potassium propionate | - |
| E284 | Boric acid | - |
| E285 | Sodium tetraborate, borax | - |
| E290 | Carbon dioxide | - |
| E296 | Malic acid | Acid |
| E297 | Fumaric acid | - |
Antioxidants |
||
| E300 | Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) | - |
| E301 | Sodium ascorbate | - |
| E302 | Calcium ascorbate | - |
| E303 | Potassium ascorbate | - |
| E304 | Fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid (i) Ascorbyl palmitate (ii) Ascorbyl stearate | - |
| E306 | Tocopherol-rich extract (natural) | likely to be GM |
| E307 | Alpha-tocopherol (synthetic) | likely to be GM |
| E308 | Gamma-tocopherol (synthetic) | likely to be GM |
| E309 | Delta-tocopherol (synthetic) | likely to be GM |
| E310 | Propylgallate | possible allergic reaction |
| E311 | Octylgallate | possible allergic reaction |
| E312 | Dodecylgallate | possible allergic reaction |
| E315 | Erythorbic acid | - |
| E316 | Sodium erythorbate | - |
| E317 | Erythorbin acid | - |
| E318 | Sodium erythorbin | - |
| E319 | Butylhydroxinon | - |
| E320 | Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) | possible allergic reaction
Preservative which can cause hyperactivity and is possibly carcinogenic FOUND IN: Cakes and biscuits. |
| E321 | Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) | possible allergic reaction |
| E322 | Lecithin | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E325 | Sodium lactate | possibly of animal origin |
| E326 | Potassium lactate | possibly of animal origin |
| E327 | Calcium lactate | possibly of animal origin |
| E329 | Magnesium lactate | - |
| E330 | Citric acid | - |
| E331 | Sodium citrates (i) Monosodium citrate (ii) Disodium citrate (iii) Trisodium citrate | - |
| E332 | Potassium citrates (i) Monopotassium citrate (ii) Tripotassium citrate | - |
| E333 | Calcium citrates (i) Monocalcium citrate (ii) Dicalcium citrate (iii) Tricalcium citrate | - |
| E334 | Tartaric acid (L+, L-) | Acid |
| E335 | Sodium tartrates (i) Monosodium tartrate (ii) Disodium tartrate | - |
| E336 | Potassium tartrates (i) Monopotassium tartrate (cream of tartar) (ii) Dipotassium tartrate | - |
| E337 | Sodium potassium tartrate | - |
| E338 | Phosphoric acid | - |
| E339 | Sodium phosphates (i) Monosodium phosphate (ii) Disodium phosphate (iii) Trisodium phosphate | - |
| E340 | Potassium phosphates (i) Monopotassium phosphate (ii) Dipotassium phosphate (iii) Tripotassium phosphate | - |
| E341 | Calcium phosphates (i) Monocalcium phosphate (ii) Dicalcium phosphate (iii) Tricalcium phosphate | - |
| E343 | Magnesium phosphates (i) monomagnesium phosphate (ii) Dimagnesium phosphate | - |
| E350 | Sodium malates (i) Sodium malate (ii) Sodium hydrogen malate | - |
| E351 | Potassium malate | - |
| E352 | Calcium malates (i) Calcium malate (ii) Calcium hydrogen malate | - |
| E353 | Metatartaric acid | - |
| E354 | Calcium tartrate | - |
| E355 | Adipic acid | - |
| E356 | Sodium adipate | - |
| E357 | Potassium adipate | - |
| E363 | Succinic acid | - |
| E365 | Sodium fumarate | - |
| E366 | Potassium fumarate | - |
| E367 | Calcium fumarate | - |
| E370 | 1,4-Heptonolactone | - |
| E375 | Nicotinic acid, Niacin, Nicotinamide | Colour Retention Agent possible allergic reaction |
| E380 | Triammonium citrate | - |
| E381 | Ammonium ferrocitrate | - |
| E385 | Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (Calcium disodium EDTA) | - |
Thickeners |
||
| E400 | Alginic acid | - |
| E401 | Sodium alginate | - |
| E402 | Potassium alginate | - |
| E403 | Ammonium alginate | - |
| E404 | Calcium alginate | - |
| E405 | Propane-1,2-diolalginate (Propylene glycolalginate) | - |
| E406 | Agar | - |
| E407 | Carrageenan | possible allergic reaction |
| E407a | Processed eucheuma seaweed | - |
| E410 | Locust bean gum (Carob gum) | - |
| E412 | Guar gum | - |
| E413 | Tragacanth | possible allergic reaction |
| E414 | Acacia gum (gum arabic) | possible allergic reaction |
| E415 | Xanthan gum | likely to be GM |
| E416 | Karaya gum | possible allergic reaction |
| E417 | Tara gum | - |
| E418 | Gellan gum | - |
| E420 | Sorbitol (i) Sorbitol (ii) Sorbitol syrup | - |
| E421 | Mannitol | - |
| E422 | Glycerol | possibly of animal origin |
| E425 | Konjac (i) Konjac gum (ii) Konjac glucomannane | - |
Emulsifiers |
||
| E430 | Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate | possible allergic reaction possibly of animal origin |
| E431 | Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate | possibly of animal origin |
| E432 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) | possibly of animal origin |
| E433 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80) | possibly of animal origin |
| E434 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40) | possibly of animal origin |
| E435 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60) | possibly of animal origin |
| E436 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65) | possibly of animal origin |
| E440 | Pectins (i) pectin (ii) amidated pectin | - |
| E441 | Gelatine | animal origin |
| E442 | Ammonium phosphatides | possibly of animal origin |
| E444 | Sucrose acetate isobutyrate | - |
| E445 | Glycerolesters of wood rosins | - |
| E450 | Diphosphates (i) Disodium diphosphate (ii) Trisodium diphosphate(iii) Tetrasodium diphosphate (iv) Dipotassium diphosphate (v) Tetrapotassium diphosphate (vi) Dicalcium diphosphate (vii) Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate | - |
| E451 | Triphosphates (i) Pentasodium triphosphate (ii) Pentapotassium triphosphate | - |
| E452 | Polyphosphates (i) Sodium polyphosphates (ii) Potassium polyphosphates (iii) Sodium calcium polyphosphate (iv) Calcium polyphophates | - |
| E459 | Beta-cyclodextrine | - |
| E460 | Cellulose (i) Microcrystalline cellulose (ii) Powdered cellulose | - |
| E461 | Methylcellulose | - |
| E462 | Ethylcellulose | - |
| E463 | Hydroxy propylcellulose | - |
| E464 | Hydroxy propylmethylcellulose | - |
| E465 | Ethyl methylcellulose | - |
| E466 | Carboxy methylcellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose | - |
| E468 | Crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose | - |
| E469 | Enzymically hydrolysed carboxymethylcellulose | - |
| E470a | Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E470b | Magnesium salts of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E471 | Mono and diglycerides of fatty acids (glyceryl monostearate, glyceryldistearate) | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E472a | Acetic acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E472b | Lactic acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E472c | Citric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E472d | Tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E472e | Mono and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E472f | Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | possibly of animal origin |
| E473 | Sucrose esters of fatty acids | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E474 | Sucroglycerides | possibly of animal origin |
| E475 | Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E476 | Polyglycerol polyricinoleate | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E477 | Propane-1, 2-diol esters of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E478 | Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1 | possibly of animal origin |
| E479b | Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E481 | Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate | possibly of animal origin |
| E482 | Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate | possibly of animal origin |
| E483 | Stearyl tartrate | possibly of animal origin |
| E491 | Sorbitan monostearate | likely to be GM possibly of animal origin |
| E492 | Sorbitan tristearate | possibly of animal origin |
| E493 | Sorbitan monolaurate | possibly of animal origin |
| E494 | Sorbitan monoleate | possibly of animal origin |
| E495 | Sorbitan monopalmitate | possibly of animal origin |
Flavour Enhancers |
||
| E620 | Glutamic acid | possible reaction likely to be GM |
| E621 | Monosodium glutamate |
Widely-used flavour enhancer which can lead to hyperactivity, chest pain, headaches and nausea. FOUND IN: Flavoured crisps, Chinese food and stock cubes. |
| E622 | Monopotassium glutamate | possible reaction likely to be GM |
| E623 | Calcium diglutamate | possible reaction likely to be GM |
| E624 | Monoammonium glutamate | possible reaction likely to be GM |
| E625 | Magnesium diglutamate | possible reaction likely to be GM |
| E626 | Guanylic acid | - |
| E627 | Disodium guanylate, sodium guanylate | - |
| E628 | Dipotassium guanylate | - |
| E629 | Calcium guanylate | - |
| E630 | Inosinic acid | - |
| E631 | Disodium inosinate | possibly of animal origin |
| E632 | Dipotassium inosinate | - |
| E633 | Calcium inosinate | - |
| E634 | Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides | - |
| E635 | Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides | possibly of animal origin |
| E636 | Maltol | - |
| E637 | Ethyl maltol | - |
| E640 | Glycine and its sodium salt | possibly of animal origin |
Sweeteners |
||
| E950 | Acesulfame K | - |
| E951 | Aspartame | possible reaction
|
| E952 | Cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salts | - |
| E953 | Isomalt | - |
| E954 | Saccharin and its Na, K and Ca salts | - |
| E957 | Thaumatin | - |
| E959 | Neohesperidine DC | - |
| E965 | Maltitol (i) Maltitol (ii) Maltitol syrup | - |
| E966 | Lactitol | animal origin |
| E967 | Xylitol | - |
What E numbers are Halal? Check here
What E Numbers are Kosher? Check here
The Following Products are most likely to contain 'E' Number additives:
Most fizzy drinks, most squashes and cordials, most tap water (drink filtered or bottled), Flavoured crisps and snacks containing flavour enhancer (Monosodium Glutamate 621), Products containing artificial sweeteners, diet products claiming "No added sugar" or "Sugar free", Most sweets, chocolate, chewing gum, packet mixes, gravies and stock cubes, Sugary/corn/chocolate cereals.
